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Sacral agenesis is an uncommon congenital deformity that occur 1 in 25000 live births [1]. It may be present in conditions such as caudal regression sequence, sirenomelia sequence, cloacal extrophy sequence and in VATER association. In Caudal regression there is sacral agenesis with lumbar spine... |
Authors: Eranga Perera, Shweta Bhatt,MD, Vikram S Dogra,MD.
University of Rochester. |
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Megacystis-microcolon hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) was first described in 1974 by Berdon in 5 female infants, 2 of whom were sisters [1].MMIHS is a rare congenital disease with high mortality rate[2].
MMIHS has been found predominantly in females with an approximate 4:1 female to male... |
Authors: Tatiana Oks, Gabriella Ciceu, Norman Loberant
Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya, Israel |
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a common malformation characterized by a defect in the posterolateral diaphragm, the foramen of Bochdalek, through which the abdominal viscera migrate into the chest during fetal life. The incidence of CDH ranges from 1 in 2,500–5,000 births.... |
Authors: Gabriella Ciceu, Norman Loberant
Western Galilee Hospital, Nahariya, Israel |
 | Clinical and radiologic features of tuberculosis vary depending on which organ system affected. Furthermore, it can mimic many other diseases (1,2).
Pulmonary tuberculosis is classically divided into primary and postprimary (reactivation) tuberculosis. Primary tuberculosis is most common in... |
Authors: Abidin KILINCER
University of Hacettepe |
 | Simultaneous occurrence of carotid body tumor and pheochromocytoma is rare. Ten percent of pheochromocytoma patients have multifocal paragangliomas and 10% are familial ( |
Authors: Paresh Desai,MD
Goa Medical College - Goa University |
 | Polymicrogyria is a disorder of late neuronal migration and cortical organization. Neurons, which form the cortex originates within the germinal matrix and migrates outwardly. The neurons migrate along radial glial fibers to their final destination. Migration begins at approximately 7 weeks of... |
Authors: Sureyya Burcu Gorkem *, MD, Shweta Bhatt, MD and Vikram S Dogra, MD
Erciyes University* Kayseri/Turkey, University of Rochester, Rochester NY |
 | Polymicrogyria is a disorder of late neuronal migration and cortical organization. Neurons, which will form the cortex originates within the germinal matrix and migrates outwardly. The neurons migrate along radial glial fibers to their final destination. Migration begins at approximately 7 weeks of... |
Authors: Sureyya Burcu Gorkem *, MD, Shweta Bhatt, MD and Vikram S Dogra, MD
Erciyes University* Kayseri/Turkey, University of Rochester, Rochester NY |
 | Thoracic insufficiency syndrome is defined as the inability of the thorax to support normal respiration or lung growth. Malformation of the vertebra and rib cage can diminish thoracic volume and hinder the dynamic changes in volume necessary for respiration. These factors impair the growth and... |
Authors: Laurence Donahue*, Shweta Bhatt**,MD
University of Rochester, NY USA |
 | Hemangiomas, one of the most common childhood neoplasms are benign self involuting tumors of endothelial cells that line the blood vessels. They are of three types: capillary, cavernous and mixed [1]. Capillary hemangiomas of infancy are bright red, protuberant, and compressible lesions that are... |
Authors: Sureyya Burcu Gorkem *, MD, Shweta Bhatt, MD and Vikram S Dogra, MD
Erciyes University* Kayseri/Turkey, University of Rochester, Rochester NY |
 | Pelvic pain in an adolescent girl who has not yet started to menstruate is sometimes explained by imperforate hymen with haematocolpos with or without haematometra. Imperforate hymen is a rare gynecological abnormality that may not be detected until the onset of menses. The symptoms are amenorrhea... |
Authors: Sureyya Burcu Gorkem* MD, Shweta Bhatt, MD and Vikram S Dogra,MD
Erciyes University* Kayseri/Turkey, University of Rochester, Rochester NY |
